What does the term "cultural relativism" mean?

Cultural relativism refers to the practice of understanding and interpreting a culture through its own values, norms, and beliefs rather than judging it by the standards of another culture. This concept emphasizes the importance of context and acknowledges that different cultures have their unique practices and beliefs that make sense within their own social and historical frameworks.

By viewing a culture through its own standards, individuals can gain a deeper appreciation for cultural diversity and avoid ethnocentric bias, where one's own culture is considered superior. This approach encourages sociologists and anthropologists to research and understand cultures as they exist in their own right, fostering more accurate and respectful engagements with people from different backgrounds.