What factors does social disorganization theory connect to crime?

Social disorganization theory posits that crime is closely related to the environmental conditions and community structure within a neighborhood. This theory suggests that crime rates are influenced by the social and physical characteristics of communities rather than individual predispositions or economic status. Factors such as poverty, residential mobility, ethnic diversity, and breakdown of social institutions contribute to a lack of social cohesion and a weakened community structure.

Communities that experience disorganization might display high levels of transience, where residents frequently move in and out, and this instability can lead to weaker social ties and fewer informal social controls. When community members do not know one another or share a sense of belonging and mutual responsibility, it becomes easier for criminal behavior to thrive.

Other options touch on various aspects related to crime but miss the core focus of social disorganization theory. Psychological issues and economic status may play roles in individual behavior but do not encompass the broader community environment that forms the basis of social disorganization. Similarly, political systems and cultural values are important but less central to the theory compared to the impact of community structure and physical environment on crime prevalence.