What is meant by the concept of "moral panics"?

The concept of "moral panics" refers to a situation where a societal group reacts with heightened emotion and fear regarding a perceived threat that is often exaggerated or unsubstantiated. This reaction typically centers around the belief that certain behaviors or groups pose a danger to social order and normative values. Such panics can arise from various triggers, such as media representations or particular incidents that are sensationalized, leading to a collective anxiety about the state of society.

Moral panics often involve a response from various societal sectors, including the media, law enforcement, and policymakers, who may call for stricter measures or regulations in response to the perceived threat. This phenomenon highlights how perceptions of danger can sometimes lead to significant societal shifts and discussions, even if the actual threat is minimal or not reflective of reality. Understanding moral panics is crucial in sociology as it sheds light on how societal fears are constructed and manipulated, ultimately affecting public perception and policy.